Free Will And Determinism A Clockwork Orange - 901 Words

A Clockwork Orange demonstrates the philosophically issues of free will and determinism through how the main character was treated in the movie. It also addresses important issues such as ethics, philosophy of the mind, free will and determinism, and the problem of perception. Philosophers such as John Hospers, B.F. Skinner, and Jean-Paul Sartre have different views on the issue through their theories of how individuals are or are not responsible for the free will choices that they make in life. The main character in the movie was a very violent , and reckless person. He participated in sinful acts such as being a gang member, raping women, being involved in fights, etc. These actions resulted in him being sent to prison and eventually being brainwashed into doing things out of his character. The three philosophers have very different interpretations of how the main character should have been dealt with and the reasonings behind his actions. The philosopher John Hospers’ views on free will and determination go completely against the movie A Clockwork Orange. Hospers claims that our actions are â€Å"compelled† and we do not make our own free choices, but it happens unconsciously . In A Clockwork Orange the main character, Alex, has his free will taking away from him through a series of extreme and harsh experimental tactics in the dystopia that he is apart of. The government believes that the can control the thoughts and actions of their citizens and just change them.Show MoreRelatedFree Will vs Determinism in A Clockwork Orange, by Anthony Burgess1208 Words   |  5 PagesIn Anthony Burgess’ 1962 dystopian novella, A Clockwork Orange, teenage gangs and hoodlums run rampid in a futuristic society, inflicting mayhem and brutality among its totalitarian governed state. Alex, our protagonist/anti-hero, is among the most infamous in this violent youth culture. A psychotic, yet devilishly intelligent bo y of fifteen, our â€Å"humble narrator† beats up on old folk, rapes underaged girls, pillages, and leads his group of â€Å"droogs† (friends) on a chaotic path of â€Å"ultra-violenceRead More freeclo Comapring Free Will in A Clockwork Orange and Freedom and the Control of Man2484 Words   |  10 PagesFree Will in A Clockwork Orange and Skinners Freedom and the Control of Man      Ã‚   Socrates once said, Know thyself, and over two thousand years later were still perplexed with the complexities of human behavior. The concept of free will has been debated and challenged by science, religion, and philosophy throughout history. By free will, I mean our ability to choose and behave as we wish, without our choices being determined by outside sources. Such a notion has been discussed and disputedRead MoreHow Plato Creates A New Argument Within The Human Of Egoism And The Guardians956 Words   |  4 Pagesdo not want unfocused, beings in the group. Their free wills are not required to be overthrown. Using psychological determinism, the mental state can be defined as psychological. Determinism says that all of our wants are uniquely caused by nature and nurture. The laws of association occurs before the kids have any control. These laws say that everything we do is not freely chosen but are connected to the childhood. This suggests that no one has free wants, but the Guardians, like us, they were conditionedRead MoreThe Misuse of Power and the Extent of Free Will Within A Clockwork Orange and Nineteen Eighty-Four1980 Words   |  8 PagesIn both Nineteen Eighty-four and A Clockwork Orange, free will and the misuse of power are two intrinsically linked themes which are woven throughout and that govern everything that happens within both novels. The different reactions of different characters are an area that both George Orwell and Anthony Burgess focus on with interesting parallels between the two main protagonists, Alex and Winston. Winston and Alex, although very different, react in quite a similar fashion to events surroundingRead MoreEssay on Analysis of George Orwells 19844218 Words   |  17 Pagesemployed by Anthony Burgess in A Clockwork Orange. The basis of this therapy was to control the thoughts of the patient and to force conformity to the standards set by society. Room 101 employs similar tactics in forcing Winstons conformity. The end result is similar, a tragic suppression of individuality by denying freedom of thought, the creation of a conformist and the destruction of the individual. The issue of Newspeak is also relevant to issues of free thought and identity. In 1984, the

Analysis Of The Poem Raffaello Sanzio Da Urbino

Intro Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino, more commonly known as Raphael, was an admirable and innovative artist that lived during the High Renaissance period. He was a painter, an architect, and a poet, and his creativity left a lasting impact in the world of art. His painting in particular was highly regarded; some considered Raphael to be the incarnation of painting itself and others said he was the greatest painter of the western world. Even those who had a low opinion of Raphael gave him credit for his greatness. His final painting, The Transfiguration, demonstrates the epitome of his renowned techniques, harmonious color choices, ease of composition, and clarity of form in a wonderful piece from the Italian Renaissance. Historical Context†¦show more content†¦Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci, two other prominent artists of the Renaissance, worked during the same time period as Raphael as well. Painting at the same time as them likely had a positive effect on Raphael’s work as they strove to push their creative and innovative limits. Raphael is now regarded as one of the trinity of art masters alongside Michelangelo and da Vinci, and even among them he stands out. â€Å"He differed from Leonardo and from Michelangelo only in his serene faith that he could go forward without destroying or losing himself - this was the Renaissance faith in the virtus of man.† At the age of twenty-one, Raphael moved to Florence. This decision is thought to have been a catalyst for his stylistic development. One of his first commissions was from Pope Julius II, who asked Raphael to decorate his apartments at the vatican. As aforementioned, he went on to do architectural work, write poetry, paint frescoes and portraits, and draw, eventually settling on painting as his primary focus. Raphael was a follower of classicism. In fact, it was stated that â€Å"Raphael [gave] form to the academic version of classicism† during the High Renaissance. He was known for focusing on figure and space, along with having a dramatic expression. Two words that are often mentioned when discussing Raphael’s style are â€Å"harmony† and

Spelling by Margaret Atwood free essay sample

Chen Mrs. Mekhala MYP Year 5 Language Arts April 3, 2013 Poem Analysis on â€Å"Spelling† Margaret Atwood’s Spelling is a sophisticated and emotional poem. Like much of Atwood’s poetry, it has one central objective deeply rooted in her feminist beliefs. She aims firstly at the women in history by expressing the horrors of the low social status of women and how they were tortured in war; then she explains that education is what gives women the power to stand up for themselves and fight for freedom and convinces more people to start receiving education. She denies the ideas of â€Å"housewives† and â€Å"daughters† and explains it is what keeps the female gender weak throughout history. Atwood convinces the readers to abduct this old view of females and understand the importance of education. She does this through appalling sensual images, attitude shifts and connotations to the reader and describes a volcano eruption with clear sensory language, making this poem one of the most powerful poem in history. The shocking impression Atwood uses to portray the tormented women in history is given more strength by the remarkable range of poetic devices and sensual languages she uses, including metaphor, choice of diction and sensual appeals. These devices add power to the poem and its effect on the reader by producing and emphasizing the impression Atwood wanted: of a female in history burnt in the stalks with leather stuffed in her mouth because of wizardry, or a female prisoner of war tortured and killed with no ability to speak or fight for herself. Atwood collaborates a wide range of words to express her impression on feminist ideas. She opens with her daughter trying to learn how to spell. This child is most likely going to receive education, but she is too young and does not realize that. The poet then mentions â€Å"red, blue and hard yellow,† these are primary colors, which are colors that can recombine to any color that exists. Just as a few simple letters could also reintegrate to form all the words in English. Then, the poet mentions her daughter is learning â€Å"how to make spells. The word â€Å"Spells† used here mean words but also has a connotation of magic and sorcery. It represents her daughter’s imagination, combining letters together like experimenting or an adventure. In the next stanza, â€Å"daughters† has a different meaning from the most common known definition. Instead of meaning a girl in relation to her parents, it represents the common figure of a women at that time period, which is a housewife. â€Å"Mainline† is word often used for drug addicts when injecting drugs, this word symbolizes lust and hunger. It can strongly express the feeling of a woman who wants to receive education in a time period of sexism and prejudice. When the â€Å"ancestress† was burnt to death, the poet did not mean her ancestress, but all the females in history treated cruelly. This technique made this extremely easy to visualize, bringing the reader back in time to the darkest ages in history for women. This shocks the reader and subverts masculism and sexist ideologies applied by masculist writers. Atwood also applies metaphor in this poem. The poet takes us to a scene of a volcano eruption. In Atwood’s language, we feel the sophisticated dread and the strength of nature impact on our hearts. It describes how it feels when one cannot express her feelings with words, the language is so poor that it â€Å"falls away from hot bones, at the point were the rock breaks open and darkness flows out of it like blood, at the melting point of granite† This description can refer to the ancestress in the last stanza, burnt with her mouth sealed with leather. The word â€Å"witch† means they were performing wizardry, or something against social norms, which is the reason they are killed. This â€Å"witch† is compared to the poet’s daughter in the first stanza, experimenting with education. Atwood uses this to represent the women who tried to express their ideas, but were forced to be silenced forever. Although human bones, the strongest structure of the body, cannot withstand fire, it is still not the end. Just as it is not the end of a stone when it is melt to magma. After the suffering of high temperature, the stone will become more solid and tough. Just like human, without going through pain and confronting their weaknesses, there is no meaning or power. Atwood emphasizes her final point in this stanza: One must confront their weaknesses in order to let the body itself able to speak. The final main approach Atwood uses is the comparison of attitudes between the last and first stanza. It brings the reader back to the word learning process, but not with toys. â€Å"How do you learn to spell? † The answer is not longer plastic letters, or letters. but â€Å"Blood, sky the sun,† The blood that flows in women nature, the part of sky that women should have and the sun to shine on everyone. Learning to spell is not a game or adventure anymore, but the gain of education and power. This stanza is strongly supported by the phrase Atwood used in the previous stanzas â€Å"A word after a word after a word is power. † This phrase is powerful and leaves the reader realizing the true power of knowing to speak. Spelling is a poem of many layers and approaches but only one main objective, all rooted in the poet’s feminist beliefs. She uses strong sensual images created by metaphors, connotations and attitude shifts to achieve her main goals of expressing the importance of education to women in history. This poem, with its powerful statements and shocking imagery, is one of the most strongest feminist poem ever written.

The Merchant Of Venice And Henry V Essays - Shakespearean Comedies

The Merchant Of Venice And Henry V Kelley Vickers-Sullivan Engl. 141-Mid-Term Essay March 30, 2000 You've Come a Long Way Baby! Shakespeare's presentation and portrayal of his female characters in The Merchant of Venice and Henry V follows a typical pattern that is present in all of the Shakespearean plays that I have read so far. When looking closely at the fate of his female characters, this pattern becomes even more evident for it repeats itself no matter how different the plays are. For instance, Henry V and The Merchant of Venice are different in every respect. The female characters not only come from different backgrounds, they also have very different personalities. However, as different as these plays and their characters are, the female characters end up suffering the same fate. It doesn't seem to matter whether they are born into a life of peasantry, nobility, or come from royalty, for they ultimately will end up being no better than a piece of land, or cattle, or some possession that a man can own and do with as he pleases. Scholars have been debating for centuries now as to whether Shakespeare's w omen reflect his society's attitudes or that of his own. Henry V is definitely geared more for the male audience. There are only two or three acts in which a female character is present at all. When we first get a glimpse of Katherine, she is trying to learn the English language. This scene is supposed to be somewhat comical, but are we really supposed to believe that while there is a war raging throughout her country, that all Katherine is concerned about is the fact that she can't speak the language of her enemy? This scene in which we get our first glimpse of Katherine is somewhat degrading to her character as well as misleading. This leaves the audience with the inaccurate perception that Katherine, and thus all women in general, care very little about what's going on around them, and more about making themselves presentable. Afterall, isn't Katherine the ?Grand Prize? that will be awarded to the winning side? I find it very insulting that Shakespeare's only significant female role in the whole play, is being used as a ? Prize? to be given away. Shakespeare doesn't even try to hide the fact that he is setting Katherine up as a prize. I find this kind of arrogance to be offensive and very belittling to women. While the men are off fighting the battle, Katherine, the future Queen of France, does not appear to be a bit concerned over the fate of her own country. Instead, she readily accepts her fate as she prepares herself for the role of Queen of England. This play is very biased and one-sided. Most of the English men are portrayed as noble, humble and superior to the French. Henry himself can do no wrong, and is portrayed through out the play as the best leader that the English have ever had. This image that he can do no wrong and is as close to being perfect as one can get, only holds up if you don't go digging around in Henry's past, in which he had been portrayed as a spoiled, pampered partying boy. The French, in contrast to the English, are presented as arrogant, incompetent, and weak, very similar to what Henry had been not to long ago. There is, however, one thing lower than a Frenchman, and that is, a French woman. The fact that Shakespeare subjected Katherine's character, (she, who had been born into royalty which was the highest social position one can reach), to being treated as a possession or prize for a man, only adds credence to the argument that Shakespeare had very little respect for women. Katherine character, for the most part, adds very little, if anything at all, to the play. In fact, the role of Katherine could have easily been omitted altogether, and personally, I wish it had been The last act, in which Henry easily manages to win the affections of Katherine, is a weak attempt on Shakespeare's part to end the play on a an uplifting note. It's a shame that Shakespeare put it in at all because it

Terrorism, poverty and financial instability

Terrorism, poverty and financial instability International Relations Terrorism and International Crime Terrorism is the use of violence to instil fear in people. Terrorist activities, which are common around the world, can be eliminated through co-operation of the world powers. While some countries seek to apprehend those who perpetrate terrorist activities, other countries harbour and protect them. This conflict is not effective in the quest to ensure world security (Chadwick 25).Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Terrorism, poverty and financial instability specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Terrorism is not a new phenomenon as it has been present throughout the history of humankind. However, different forms of terrorism are defined by the cause behind the act. Terrorist activities are perpetrated to compel the affected parties to comply with the demands of the terrorists. Since the terrorists do not have enough resources to confront their enemies, the y use a method of ambush and secrecy. In most cases, if the terrorist’s demands are ignored, the confrontation ends in a conflict. However, in other cases, the terrorists achieve their aim if their sole intention is to instil fear (Laqueur 16). Global Poverty and Development Poverty is a global problem with complex and intertwined adverse effects. In some situations, poverty has existed throughout the history of the concerned society. There is a great risk of conflict if the situation persists. Competition for resources in an unfavourable environment eventually results in armed conflicts. Some of the conflicts in the developing countries caused by the instability and poverty in the third world countries. Thus, persistent poverty is a risk of political and social instability. Poverty is also a crisis since it presents a difficult situation (Townsend 54). Co-operation among countries of the world creates a large free market for commodities. This facilitates distribution of weal th, and reduces the gap between the rich and the poor. The efforts to eradicate poverty should include formation of a specialised body to identify the poverty-stricken areas, and find an appropriate solution. Combination of efforts by international bodies in an effort to eradicate poverty, gives them a greater power to deal with the situation. However, the great power and influence brought by the cooperation between agencies poses a political risk (Collier 32). This unified force can control the political course of a needy region. Since the political situation of a country affects generation of wealth, the power of the agencies may widen the gap between the rich and poor people.Advertising Looking for critical writing on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Global Financial Instability Global financial crises started in 2007 and continued for four years with mild responses from individual governme nts. When the financial recession died down in the year twenty twelve, the world’s economic activities are returning to normal after stabilisation of the capital markets. However, the current stability is at a risk of disruption by another financial crisis due to the lack of long-term solution to the crisis (Lomborg 37). Measures taken during the crisis were immediate counteractive measures to restore financial stability. The world powers, which make up the G20, and lending organisations like the international monetary fund, cannot develop a solution to influence the world economy positively. This is because these institutions are committed to their own security and financial stability. The only solution to this problem lies with individual powers such as the United States, which can influence the world economy easily. Their sound economic planning will reduce the chances of another global financial crisis. The continued investments of the governments in the private market ar e increasing insecurity of the global financial market (Acharya et al 25). Consequently, the government cannot regulate the capital markets when it has heavily invested in such schemes as the hedge funds. Acharya, Viral V., and Matthew Richardson. Restoring financial stability: how to repair a failed system. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons, 2009. Print. Chadwick, Elizabeth. Self-determination, terrorism, and the international humanitarian law of armed conflict. The Hague: M. Nijhoff, 1996. Print. Collier, Paul. The bottom billion: why the poorest countries are failing and what can be done about it. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. Print. Laqueur, Walter. The new terrorism: fanaticism and the arms of mass destruction. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. Print.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Terrorism, poverty and financial instability specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Lomborg, Bjà ¸rn. Global crises, global solutions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Print. Townsend, Peter, and David Gordon. World poverty: new policies to defeat an old enemy. Bristol: Policy Press, 2002. Print.

Service learning activity Essays

Service learning activity Essays Service learning activity Essay Service learning activity Essay The United States Air Force holds an annual marathon that was first established in September 20, 1997 and has been held annually ever since on the first Saturday nearest to the date of establishment of the US Air Force which is on September 18, 1974.   The USAF holds the race to commemorate its years of aviation achievements, developments, and services.   It is held at the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio every year.   It is a large scale race where the participants come from all over the world.   The race includes a half marathon, a wheelchair race for the disabled and a four-person relay race where four persons run as a team to finish the race.   Although no prize money is given to the winners, the USAF gives customized medals as well as a few other goodies to the finishers and well crafted trophies and plaques for the placers.This year, the event was held last September 15.   It was attended by famous champion runners Dick Beardsl ey and Alberto Salazar.   The 2002 Bill Bowerman Coaching Award Recipient Bill Squires was also there.   However, the marathon is limitedly sponsored thus the need for volunteers to help organize the events and give support to the runners.   As a student, to volunteer for the USAF marathon is a great experience.   From the view of a volunteer hydration station worker, as well as a stand up and clean up crew of the race, the experience of watching experienced runners is surely overwhelming.The student was assigned at hydration station number six, a station roughly 6.5 miles away from the start/finish line and just a mile or so away from the half-marathon turning point. It is also just north of the Nutter Center.   It is supervised by the Wright State University.   Hydration station number six is one of the most significant stations.   It is located at a point in the course map where it would be passed by the finishers at the end of the race. Its significance to the race is due to the â€Å"mortality rate† of the finishers.   In this race, only 1,604 among the thousands of registered participants finished the race.From the station’s location, the student could witness all possible views that could be observed from the marathon.   The placers and all the finishers pass through station six to reach the finish line.   The volunteers for this station are part of those people that are last to leave their station.   The work for the volunteers of station six is tiresome.   Not only do you need to stay there until the signal that all the runners have all arrived safely has been given but volunteers also need to be constantly alert to give the racers hydration and food to help them finish the race and keep them supported.The presence of volunteers in big events like this greatly affects the whole event’s possible outcomes.   The more volunteers that are present, the more man power is available at times of emergency.   Als o, the clean up and preparation of the event becomes easier when there is more man power.   Besides the cleaning, setting up, and other works of volunteers, the event’s organizers also benefit financially when there are volunteers.   More volunteers mean less people to hire for specific works.   Instead of hiring mass numbers of workers, the organizers only need to hire some workers to do some specific jobs that volunteers cannot do.   Other costs that are cut because of volunteer presence are of transport, medical, and marshal services.The organizers are not the only one’s that benefit from events like this.   Volunteers gain experience on how to help in marathons, learn first aid, experience work, and understand how marathons and other related events function and work.   Also, by observing the participants, a lot of other things could be learned.   The physical reaction and health condition of one’s body to certain, if not extreme, conditions of running is one.   Another would be the strategies that a champion runner uses in winning the race.   These and more other things could be learned by volunteering.The experience of being a volunteer is tiring but it is also enjoyable and heart-warming.   Being able to help other people at their times of need, in this case of water and food throughout the race, is a heart-warming and self-fulfilling experience.   The view is good, because USAF planes are passing over you every now and then, which makes it a worthwhile experience.   The experience of being a volunteer for the USAF marathon can be scaled in a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 being the highest; the experience would land on 4.   Over all, the experience of being a volunteer in the September 15, 2007 USAF marathon is an enjoyable, if not overwhelming, very good experience.

The Rape of the Lock Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Rape of the Lock - Essay Example It answer the â€Å"what is it trying to say† instead of the â€Å"what does it literally say?† questions. In The Rape of the Lock we see many lines of pros. Every line has its reason and purpose and can be explicated and analyzed for a better understanding of the text. In The Rape of the Lock, part 1 line 11, we see that a question is asked. It is prefaced by a Lord being refused by a young lady, Belinda. It reads: And dwells such Rage in softest Bosoms then? To explicate this poem one must first look at the line word for word. When you explicate something, you basically spell out what it is saying. You do not use imagery or the senses. You flat out quote it literally. â€Å"And dwells such Rage in softest Bosoms then?† This line clearly means that rage takes up residence in Belinda’s chest. The Rape of the Lock, part 1 line 11 is beautifully prefaced with an unfolding story. This story is written in pros and has a rhyming scheme that is most commonly kno wn as a couplet in iambic pentameter. Using all the senses one has in their body, one tries to analyze this line of poetry. It may seem simple, because of the length, but unless you delve deep into the time period, the mind of the poet and the reason and background, it will be hard to understand each line, much less the entire poem. Analysis does not take the line in the literal form.

Changing Role of the Product Designer from 18th Century to Now Essay

Changing Role of the Product Designer from 18th Century to Now - Essay Example Further more, as industrial firms flourished with their large production lines, there was always a search for new products and more productive processes to produce them. With the end of the craftsmen era and the beginning of the industrial era brought on by the new inventions there was a higher demand created for new products as living conditions improved. In the late 18th to the beginning of the 19th century new products was mostly developed by inventors. Inventors such as Frenchmen, B. Thimonnier (sewing machine), Francis Pettit Smith (propeller), Charles Babbage (mechanical calculator), Alexander Bain (facsimile), Hamilton Smith (washing machine) and Alfred Nobel (dynamite) to name but a few . Many of these inventions can still be found in our homes today. These inventers where mostly engineers, doctors or scientist, educated and trained in only one field. But as the industries expanded and several prominent firms was established in the 19th and early 20th century, these firms created their own design departments to create new and innovative products in order to stay competitive. Examples are Coca-Cola , Nestle , Ford and the Carrier Corporation to name but a few. Through their efforts the world saw the first six-pack, the chocolate bar, rolling production lines and air conditioning to name a few. Many organizations created design departments with dedicated designers to evaluate customer needs and then design products that will satisfy these needs. Due to the increased competition in the commercial world these departments will work on a range of products at any one time, to ensure profitability from those successfully introduced into the market. Designed products include diet soda, transistor radio (Texas Instruments), non stick pan, oral contraceptives, Barbie doll, etc Today product designs have an even more profound effect on bottom line of major companies. Although its impact may be difficult to quantify a UK trade association, the design council lodged a project to try and measure the payoff companies make from design products. The tracked the performance of 63 British companies who incorporated product design into their production processes. They measured the share price performance of these companies against the designer awards they received from 1994 to 2004. Their research indicated that these design companies outperformed the FTSE 100 and FTSE All Share indices by 200% over a ten year period. The results from their research strongly indicated that companies who invest more in product design are more likely to succeed in a competitive market. Image 2: Chris Bangle's Design for the new BMW 3 Series New Style Designers This new trend in product design created the need for new specialist in the field, and as organizations and education institutions aligned themselves to educate and train these new entries to the industry a new type of inventor was born. Product designers are trained in concept development, testing and manufacturing, and implementation. As these specialists entered the market, some went at it on their own. Designers such as Bill Moggridge a

The Jesus I Never Knew †A Book Report Essay Example for Free

The Jesus I Never Knew – A Book Report Essay Philip Yanceys Book, The Jesus I Never Knew deals with the authors desire and attempt to reveal and investigate what kind of a person Jesus was. Some of his findings were revealing and even startling dwelling through different levels of traditions, interpretations, and stereotypes that hid the very personality of the Man in the Gospel, Jesus Christ. The book was critically divided and discussed into three major sections: Who he was, Why He Came, and Why He Left Behind. The first part, who was He, described the different misleading description and portrayals of Jesus: some conceived him as a magician, a political revolutionary, a Jewish Cynic, a cult leader, etc. On the authors perspective during his early childhood, he thought of Jesus as a soft and gentle person with no sharp edges on his personality moreover like a lamb- carrying shepherd. When he studied in a Bible College, there was a different interpretation of Jesus regarded as cosmic Jesus. By this time, the Authors desire to research who was Jesus took him to a journey through the Bibles four Gospels and to re-discover Him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On his book, the author made critical emphasis on the following events on the Bible and reflected his views, thoughts and opinion: for instance, the event Jesus was tempted by Satan in the desert opting Him to succumb in unleashing His power to establish the Kingdom of God. The Author sees Jesus as a charismatic person, an excitable one who expressed sympathy for those suffering, displayed anger at cold- hearted legalists, not afraid to show emotions, vulnerable and not ashamed to cry. On the event of Beatitude wherein Jesus made a Sermon on the Mount, the author sees this as a direct opposition to worldly possession of material prosperity and success. He confesses that when he first heard of the Beatitude, he thought of it as a mere unrealistic ideals impossible to live and achieve. Nonetheless he has changed his mind since then.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The second part, Why He Came, depicts the very purpose of Jesus. The author made emphasis that His death was the epitome and the centerpiece of His eventual reincarnation. Yancey reiterated that although Jesus was being bombarded with criticism and pain on His last week before crucifixion, He was actually calling the shots knowing before hand what will happen thus overseeing the entire process. His goal was achieved, through His crucifixion at the Cross.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The third part, Why He Left Behind, described His resurrection from the Cross bringing new hope to mankind. The author here made emphasis on the perspective of human freedom. He strongly lamented on the fact that Jesus followers were not living by examples and merely resorted to the use of authority, miracle, and mystery yielding to the very temptation that Jesus successfully resisted.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All throughout the book, the author lively made narrative description of his own personal convictions based on his interactions and thoughts to other people and on his personal experiences. It delves deeply towards a journey looking for the original Jesus Christ. Though far from confining the matter to his own personal perspective, the author collected information and data all throughout the world quoting extensively from the writing and sayings of other people from vast cultural, religious, and cultural background. As a whole, the book depicts a credible glimpse of Jesus based on His historical and cultural settings. The question of â€Å"how would we re-act† today was strongly asked throughout the book and it only meant that we should re-consider our view and ideals regarding The Jesus We Never Knew. References Yancey, Philip (2002). The Jesus I Never Knew. New Ed. Zondervan Publishing House.

Salome by Oscar Wilde Essay -- Salome Oscar Wilde Essays

Salome by Oscar Wilde Oscar Wilde’s gruesome and controversial play begs and important question. Who is Salome? In the bible this woman is not even given a name. She is the daughter of Herodias who dances for the pleasure of her stepfather, Herod. Perhaps the very fact that she remains unnamed is part of the mystery and problem that is Salome. There was no need to name this type of woman in patriarchal Christian religion. Yet, Salome’s story continues to inspire and terrify both her champions and her harshest critics. In writing Salome Wilde gives this figure both an identity and a desire. But just what does this identity and subsequent desire represent? Throughout the play Salome is subjected to the male gaze. Both the Young Syrian and Herod continually look at her. They are both warned not to do so. The Page of Herodias tells the Young Syrian, â€Å"Why do you look at her? You must not look at her†¦Something terrible may happen.† Herod is similarly warned by his wife, â€Å"You must not look at her! You are always looking at her!† Aside from their own desires, why would these two characters believe that looking at Salome is so dangerous? This could be an acknowledgement of the power of looking and the subsequent power that Salome gains from being looked at. Scopophilia is not only the pleasure and power of looking, but also the pleasure and power of being looked at. Salome is aware of this type of power. She says, â€Å"Why does the Tetrarch look at me all the while with his mole’s eyes under his shaking eyelids? It is strange that the husband of my mother looks at me like that. I know not what it means. Of a truth I know it too well.† Salome realizes that Herod is viewing her as a sexual o... ...y? Whatever the reason Salome is destroyed by men immediately after she receives the satisfaction of kissing Jokanaan’s severed head. Perhaps the figure of Salome is much like the moon in this play. It reflects whatever the onlooker hopes to see. To those who wish to view Salome as the original femme fatal, she is reflected as dangerous and grotesque. To others, who encourage her rebellion, she is an icon for artistic self-reflection. Representations of Salome are varied and many. They are constantly evolving with shifts of collective experience. In any event, Salome has earned the name denied to her in the bible. She is to some a heroine, to others a pornographic object, and still others a dangerous threat to patriarchal order. She has many identities and even more desires, yet she continues to fascinate and repulse, as her mystery is unraveled.

Original Writing Murder Story

You couldn't imagine the feeling, hearing that your wife and children have been found slain. After hearing these words eight words, everything became a blur, I didn't even hear what PC Maguire was saying I just stared, frozen to the to the carpet beneath me feet. Dead. My family, my girls, my beautiful girls gone. A feeling of sickness came over me, I was sick, over and over for about 20 minutes, I headed downstairs, avoiding the family photos which hung above the stairs hoping they would just disappear. Downstairs PC Maguire was sat waiting for me, he'd already told me how it happened but I couldn't hear. On hearing the events again I ran back to the bathroom and was vomiting until there it felt like there was nothing left apart from my cold soul, then went back to staring just sat on my bathroom floor looking at nothing for hours by the time I finally went downstairs PC Maguire and his colleague had of course gone. They'd gone to my wife Maggie's mothers for the weekend in Leeds, the last time I saw them I was rushing to get ready for work on Friday morning. Katie, my eldest was trying to get my attention she wanted me to read her a story before I left, I always read her stories before she went to bed and as I wouldn't be with her at the weekend she insisted on one now, but I didn't I was too busy flapping about trying find the paperwork for my meeting that afternoon, I kissed her on the forehead and my baby Abigail's; gave my wife a hug and ran out the door. I regret so much not reading that story, not stopping and feeding Abigail, not telling Maggie I love her, I love her more than anything in this world. A teenager found them early Monday morning behind the newsagent on his paper-round route, huddled together battered and bloodied, they'd been there all night. The police think that Maggie had stopped to go into the shop for a pack of cigarettes, leaving the girls in the car not even for a minute, but someone had taken the girls and somehow they all ended up behind the shop where they were beaten to a pulp before being strangled to death. The police have no idea to who did it and neither do I. We can't have a funeral yet due to the investigation but I've had to tell people, Maggie's parents and siblings, my parents other people have found out through the local papers and hundreds of flowers have been left by the public against the shop, but it doesn't stop the pain not even for a second. Not a minute goes by without me trying to work out who would have wante to cause such pain, and the awful feeling that it could be someone close, someone they knew and felt safe with, I'm racked with guilt, I wasn't there to protect my own family. My family was and still is an odd one, maybe that's why I wanted to have a ‘normal' family. I never knew my Dad he left before I was born and my mother never got over it, apparently he left to be with another woman who he'd also pregnant with his rotten seed. I have one brother, always a bit of a bad boy it was no surprise when he landed himself in prison for G.B.H, I hadn't seen him for over a year before he got sent down and haven't seen him since, 4 years it's a dam' shame. although my mother has tried with letters I would rather not have him in my life, I didn't want him in my family's life to be more specific. We've tried to help him in the past; he even lived with us for a few months months, but 3 months down the line he just left, no note, no â€Å"good bye† just my wife's peruse and children's piggy banks and haven't seen him since. As my family's trauma was being splashed over local news the police investigation continued, the news-agents had only had CCTV inside the store, although England has turned to a camera heaven no CCTV had been installed behind the shop where my babies were found. I was then shown the tape in which Maggie was buying her cigarettes, the tape wasn't very good quality, you couldn't even make out my wife's beautiful face.I could see the car vaguely through to open shop door. A man walked up to our family car with the girls inside opening the door picking up Abigail and taking her out of her car seat then walking away with Abby in his arms and Katie holding on to his hand. This made the police believe that the girls knew him and went willingly with him, he was wearing a hood and never looked toward to shop door so even with the bad quality we had no chance of identifying his face. Finally Maggie leaves the shop and stands motionless outside staring at the car then looking left and right; the tape came too much for me, I turned my head toward the wall, I clenched my fists, gripping onto the sweat running from each palm, equivocal emotions where in-caged within me; the instinct of anger couldn't help but be fused with the pain of guilt as the Images of what happened that day begun toying with my imagination. The girls obviously knew this man to go off with him, which surely means I know him, the worst had come to reality; memories of a not so long ago time began whispering into my ear reminding me of what once used to be the family room, the anger started possessing me as my heart started beating against my chest faster and faster before relinquishing to the floor where I sunk into a bath of my tears. The police could sense the animosity in the air and politely left. The pain slowly faded as I slowly drifted asleep on the living room floor. When I woke up I paced though my brain hacking into old memories to conclude who it could be, I start accusing my closest and dearest friends in my head, how could it be one of them†¦ how has this happened?! At that moment the doorbell rang. People had tried ringing all week but I haven't felt the will to answer, I guess now I have to face the world once again and answer; there is a pile of notes scattered across the hall that people have posted through the letterbox. I open the door, and I'm shocked to the core, it's him. I can't speak or move, He tells me he has good news, I hope he's telling me he's finally gone clean; I politely invite him in, as he passes me the stench of memorable cigarette smoke drifts across my face, I look up and down his figure as he walks into the living room, a blood stained handle was peaking from his trouser back pocket, I briskly contemplated on what it could of been the object could of pressed against, I became cognizant of what was going on, anger which once was transfixed in guilt now seemed contradictory, once again evocative visions paced though my mind. I run at him swinging in every direction with all my might, it throws him but not much he was always the tougher one. Then I feel it, the sharp pain in my hip, I step back and see the blood flowing, but I can no longer feel it I'm numb. Before I can retaliate he has me gripped round the neck, knife to my throat and before I know it I'm strapped in a chair duck tape over my mouth, around my hands and feet and also around my stomach keeping me in the chair. My brother takes down his hood and gives a wicked grin, ‘Hello Daniel' he whispers in my ear. I struggle in my chair and he just laughs, ‘Poor Danny, you were always the superior one weren't you, well look at you now! You have nothing; no one's coming to your rescue are they Danny? You're Alone.' He takes great pleasure in me what I know to be true, all the time waving his blood soaked knife around. ‘It's a shame what happened to those little kiddies isn't it Danny? Such beautiful girls just like Maggie.' He says licking his lips menacingly. I want to scream, I wanted to shout words which I've never used since my youth, but I can't so I just continue to struggle in my chair hoping to loosen the tape. ‘What about Katie? Looks an awful lot like Maggie doesn't she? Not so much like you though Daniel, that's odd isn't it?' My wrists are starting to bleed from the firmly fastened tape but I can't feel it, my clothes have turned crimson. What is he saying? ‘Remember that lovely few months I spent here with you Danny? You were trying to get me on the straight and narrow weren't you? You were so stupid, while you were busying yourself getting me on this course and that course you had no idea what was going on right here did you? In this house, in your bed, with your wife.' My hands were freed and I ripped the tape off my mouth ‘Maggie would never go anywhere near you, your scum!' I screeched. ‘Well of course she resisted, but she loved it really†¦every time.' He said slowly right in my face. I punched him. He stumbled backwards holding his jaw before chuckling to himself. ‘You idiot Danny, Katie, she's mine, or should I say she was ha' he laughed. ‘No no no no no NO!' I said it over and over trying to grab at him but the rest of me was still fastened tightly to the chair. He then explains in detail every encounter he had with my wife, my precious wife raped by a monster in my home and I knew nothing all the time I'm screaming no over and over my face soaked with tears. But I knew it was true, Maggie kept asking me to make him leave and I wouldn't because I wanted to help him, she was on edge the whole time and I just thought it was because she didn't like him. She wanted a new bed but I said no and I remember that when he'd fled with our rent money she seemed so relieved. How could I have not known? ‘I thought about her every day in prison, I loved her I wanted to be with her and my daughter. So of course when I got out she was my first stop, but she wouldn't talk to me when I came to the house. It was a different story when I had your beloved children. But she didn't want me, not nice is it Danny? When the woman you love doesn't want you so I decided if I couldn't have her, and Katie, you couldn't either so I killed them.' What about Abby? If you didn't want Abby why did you kill her too?!' I yelled. ‘It was unfortunate for her, she was just there' he shrugged. This is when my anger took hold of my and I forced my way out of my restraints, I picked up the chair and struck him once, twice, three times. He fell to the ground and I stood over him, my foot to his neck ‘You sick bastard' I cried then stood on his neck until he was gasping for air and clutching his throat, then he was gone. I fell to the ground beside him, I knew now that it was over for me too but I couldn't move, my eyes closed blood still pumping from my hip, my time is here.

Public Addressing System

Table of Contents Acknowledgment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ * Background of the Study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ * Statement of the Problem†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ * Objective of the Study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ * Scope and Limitations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. * Significance of the Study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ * Conceptual Framework†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Discussion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ * Schematic Diagrams†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ * Parts List†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Glossary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Appendices†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ AcknowledgmentThe proponents would like to express their sincerest and deepest gratitude to the following for their contribution and involvement in the project: to God Al mighty, for His unfathomable grace and overwhelming blessings, to their parents, for providing the place to stay throughout the project. If it weren’t for their financial, emotional, mental, and spiritual support, the proponents wouldn’t have completed the project, to the librarians of the Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University for their assistance, to their supportive Electronics Engineering Department Instructor, Engr.May Layson for giving them the opportunity to fulfill this project and lastly, to their friends, classmates, colleagues and everyone who were not mentioned who also, even in their small ways, helped in the improvement and fulfillment of the project, and supported the proponents until the end. They are forever in debt to everyone for their undying support, for without them, this project wouldn’t be completed. Abstract There had been a number of projects that focuses on the important aspects of a Public Addressing System.This study was then conducted in order to understand and appreciate the working principles of PA systems from their construction, functions and daily applications. Specifically, this research aimed to identify the role and reliability of PA Systems as a tool for communications. The design of the device was based on the perspectives of the instructors on how the system will satisfy the needs of the institution. The advantages and disadvantages of using the tool were also discussed. Weighted means were computed to analyze the significance of the project.The results showed that the project is capable of being an optional sound reinforcement system since it can do mixing and amplifying signals of different inputs. This in turn benefits the student’s society as it enables them to have means of addressing with one another through a sound amplification system. This also helps in reducing the constraints of having a poor sense of communication in a limited range. Nonetheless, the students involved also agree that the accuracy of the data obtained from the test results are quite difficult to ensure considering that the knowledge about the device is limited.Future researchers could easily take enhancements recommended for the betterment of the project. Moreover, legal consultation had been correlated to this tool. As stated from literatures, these finding clearly emphasizes the need for some additional resources from the previous studies and advices from instructors to ensure the reliability and validity of the results obtained. Items that point out to lack of available components must be taken out. Furthermore, outcomes of project enhancement and appraisal can be more successful by combining the concepts and ideas made based from the prototype versions.Introduction Communication plays an important role in the development of a nation. It is an integral part of development. Societies cannot change and develop without communication, as it is a process of social interaction throug h which people are influenced by ideas, attitudes, knowledge and behavior of each other. Nowadays, communication has attained a great importance in the developmental programs. It is through the process of communication that people are made aware of the nature and objectives of the programs.The useful developmental messages are conveyed to the target groups through various communication approaches. This helps people in acquiring new knowledge required for coping with fast changing society and in adoption of innovations for the improvement of their practices, methods and quality of life. Through the advancement of technology, electronics paved way for the development of communication systems. One of the innovations brought about these technologies is the Public Addressing System.A Public Addressing System or simply PA System is an electronic sound amplification and distribution system. It is anything that amplifies sound so more people can hear it. Most basic systems these days includ e several different parts such as one or more microphones, one or more speakers, a mixer that allows the user to control the volume, tone and balance of different voices or instruments, an amplifier (built into the mixer, built into the speakers, or purchased separately) and stands to hold the speakers and microphones at appropriate height and angles.From this documentation, the researchers were able to explore and delve deeper about the concepts on how a PA System work and how does it contribute to development in the field of communication systems. Background of the Study A Public Address (PA) system is a collection of audio equipment that allows broadcasts over a designated area. Often found in schools and office buildings, PA systems can be used for general announcements or emergency information, providing a simple way to get information out quickly. PA systems can be basic or advanced, and people can customize them to fit a variety of needs.There are even personal models that ca n be less expensive, but allow for a much shorter range. The term is also used for systems which may additionally have a mixing console, amplifiers, and loudspeakers suitable for music as well as speech, used to reinforce a sound source, e. g. , recorded music or a person giving a speech, and distributing the sound throughout a venue or building. Sound reinforcement systems and PA systems may use some similar components, but with differing application, although the distinction between the two is not clear-cut.Sound reinforcement systems are for live music or performance, whereas PA systems are primarily for reproduction of speech. The presence of the light weight components included in the circuit makes it easier to carry, and therefore, making it handy. Recently from the previous projects, we have used several components to amplify signals. Some of which are the bipolar junction transistor, field-effect transistor and metal-oxide semiconductor transistor, now we will use one of the best amplifying device, the IC OP-AMP. 41 OP-AMP is a versatile IC that can be used as a differential amplifier. From this, the researchers must be able to conceptualize and build effective Portable Public Addressing System using operational amplifiers and other electronic components as the center of the study. Statement of the Problem What is the purpose of a Public Addressing System? The purpose of a portable PA system is to provide an accessible way of addressing in a crowd. This is very useful when communications are to be made in a limited broadcasting range. Objective of the StudyTo be able to conceptualize and build an effective public addressing system using IC-Operational Amplifiers and other electronic components and understand and appreciate its principles of operation as well as its primary function and applications. Scope and Limitations While a simple and portable PA system is often fairly expensive, it can provide a speaker with some options for addressing a crowd of people. This type of public announcement hardware provides someone with extremely limited broadcasting range, often including only a single speaker, but still serves to amplify the user's voice.All PA systems are also delimited since they have a potential for audio feedback, which occurs when sound from the speakers returns to the microphone and is then re-amplified and sent through the speakers again. Another thing is, more advanced versions increase in price considerably, especially with numerous cords, wireless hubs, and adaptors that may be required. This all depends, however, on what a person or business needs in terms of PA system hardware and installation. Significance of the StudyThe project is intended to enrich and upgrade the knowledge of the proponents about the different uses of IC Operational Amplifiers by constructing a simple portable Public Addressing System. This study will be a significant endeavor in promoting the construction of useful devices with the advancem ents of electronics. It will also be beneficial to the students and instructors in some applications employing conduction of gatherings, meetings, seminars and workshops for effective learning in their classroom setting particularly in different concepts related to electronics.By understanding the needs of the students and benefits of quality education, these instructors and students are assured of a competitive advantage. Moreover, this project will provide recommendations on how to evaluate the performance of the researchers involved in accordance to the outcome of the study. Conceptual Framework A Public Address System is an electronic sound amplification and distribution system with an audio input, amplifier and an audio output. The Portable Public-Addressing System (PA systems) is capable of amplifying different input signals like microphone, audio, and guitar signals simultaneously.Microphones The transmission can begin with a microphone, which is a device that can assist in m agnifying an audio source's volume. A microphone is classified as a device that transforms sound into an electrical signal. Microphones used in PA systems are usually dynamic or condensers. Dynamic microphones are more rugged than condensers and are able to withstand the elements a little better. Condenser microphones utilize their own power source and produce better-quality audio signals, but can sometimes be so sensitive that they also receive background noises.Mixers If a microphone or another audio source is used in a PA system, it is plugged into a mixer. The mixer allows for multiple channels of sound to be broadcast at different levels. This can help prevent feedback if a PA system will involve multiple microphones, instruments, or other audio sources. For example, someone may use a PA system to sing along with a pre-recorded CD. The CD track could be plugged into one channel, while the singer's voice would be broadcast through another. Amplifier The amplifier is usually side by side or incorporated with the mixer.The amplifier's job is to magnify the audio signal by manipulating its varying frequency qualities. Gain in an amplifier refers to the decibel level of the sound coming out of the speakers. Another quality, Output Dynamic Range, refers to the loud and soft levels of a specific channel's sound. Too low of an output could result in just broadcasting noise; too high of an output can lead to distortion. Loudspeakers The loudspeaker is the output end of the PA system, transforming the electrical signal back into sound that a group can hear.A good loudspeaker system will separate the differing sound frequencies and broadcast them through different sound channels for better quality output. Parts of a loudspeaker system include a woofer, which broadcasts low frequency sounds; and tweeters, the drivers of high frequency output. Some speakers also contain crossover systems that are responsible for separating these frequencies, reducing the electrical no ise that can sometimes accompany a PA system broadcast. Discussions The design of the system internally contains three major stages. These stages are connected to each other to attain the circuit of a Portable Public Address System.The first stage is the power supply of the circuit; has a center-tapped transformer with the primary set to 220Vac and secondary of 12-0-12Vac. This transformer is connected to diodes and capacitor which is responsible for filtering and to produce a full-wave output. This output will become a DC voltage which will serve as +VCC for the next stage. The second stage is for the Pre-amplifiers. There are three Pre-amplifiers which contain two inputs for the microphone and one for the guitar. The Pre-amplifiers in the project use an IC which is generally considered as one the most versatile component there is.The purpose of the IC is to amplify the input sound signals to produce a sound suitable for speakers. Normally in the pre-amp, the output of the sound is not quite satisfying. An increase in the volume of the sound will be attained when it is connected into another stage which is the Power-Amplifier stage. This is the last stage of the circuit. The Power-Amplifier is one that drives the input sound coming from the pre-amplifier to produce an output through speakers. The Power-Amplifier uses an IC also. The loudness of the sound is produced by the Power-Amplifier. Schematic Diagrams * Audio * Guitar Microphone * Microphone Power Amplifier * Power Supply Parts list Label| Quantity| Description| R1, R2, R3| 3| 1K 1/4W Resistor| R4, R5, R6| 3| 10K Logarithmic Pot| R7| 1| 1Meg 1/4W Resistor| R8, R10| 2| 10K 1/4W Resistor| R9, R11| 2| 100K Linear Pot| C1, C2, C5, C6| 1| 0. 1uF Ceramic Disc Capacitor| C3, C4| 2| 22nF Ceramic Disc Capacitor| U1, U2| 2| 741 Op Amp| J1, J2, J3| 3| Input Jacks| MISC| 1| Board, Wire, Knobs, IC Sockets| Conclusion A Portable Public Address System is an electronic sound amplification and distribution system with a microphone, amplifier and loudspeakers used to allow a person to address a large public for example for announcements of ovements at large and noisy air and terminals. The PA system contains a mixing console where the amplifiers and loudspeakers are suitable for music and as well as speech used to reinforce a sound source and distributing the sound throughout a venue or building. It is often used in small areas such as school auditoriums, churches, small bars or other places. The significance of being portable is by means of you can carry it anywhere because it is lighter and useful for emergency or immediate announcements.It also contains two systems combine in one module. The two systems may use some similar components but with different application. It has a sound reinforcement system which is the guitar input use for music performance and a PA system which is the microphone input use for speech purposes. Glossary A Amplify – to  make  larger,  greater,  or  st ronger;  enlarge;  extend. Audio – pertains to employed  in  the  transmission,  reception,  reproduction  of  sound. B Bipolar junction transistor (BJT) – has three terminals connected to three doped semiconductor regions.Board – piece  of  wood  sawed  thin,  and  of  considerable  length  andbreadth  compared  with  the  thickness. C Condenser-lens  or  combination  of  lenses  that  gathers  andconcentrates  light  in  a  specified  direction,  often  used  to direct  light  onto  the  projection  lens  in  a  projection  system. Constraints – limitation  or  restriction. Circuit – the  complete  path  of  anelectric  current,  including  the  generating  apparatus, intervening  resistors,  or  capacitors. Capacitor – is a passive two-terminal electrical component used to store energy in an electric field.Console â€⠀œ a physical device to operate a computer. D differential amplifier  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ a type of electronic amplifier that amplifies the difference between two voltages but does not amplify the particular voltages. F field-effect transistor  (FET) is a  transistor  that uses an  electric field  to control the shape and hence the  conductivity  of a  channel  of one type of  charge carrier  in a  semiconductor  material feedback – occurs when a sound loop exists between an audio input (for example, a  microphone  or  guitar pickup) and an audio output (for example, a  loudspeaker).H hub  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ makes the networking of multiple computers in the home or office easier. I Integrated circuit (IC) – the patterned diffusion of trace  elements  into the surface of a thin  substrate  of  semiconductor  material. Input  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ term  denoting  either an entrance or changes which are inserted into a  system  and which activate /modify a  process. J Jack – is a small, round electrical connector found on audio and video products that is used to interconnect components. Junction – point where at least three circuit paths meet. KKnob – a small rounded ornament or handle. M MOSFET (metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor – special type of field-effect transistor (  FET  ) that works by electronically varying the width of a channel along which charge carriers (  electron  s or  hole  s) flow. Microphone – an acoustic-to-electric transducer or sensor that converts sound into an electrical signal. N Noise  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ unwanted sound. O Operational-Amplifiers – widely used electronic devices today, being used in a vast array of consumer, industrial, and scientific devices.Output – term denoting either an exit or changes which exit a system and which activate/modify a process. P Portable – denotes something that is handy. Plug – a male fitting for making an electrical connection to a live circuit by insertion in a receptacle (as an outlet). Pre-amplifier (pre-amp) – an electronic amplifier that prepares a small electrical signal for further amplification or processing Potentiometer – commonly used to control electrical devices such as volume controls on audio equipment. RResistor – is part of an electrical circuit that resists the flow of current. Reinforcement – is when a behavior is increased or maintained by its consequences. Rugged – having a rough uneven surface. S Signal – a detectable physical quantity or impulse (as a voltage, current, or magnetic field strength) by which messages or information can be transmitted. Speaker – an output device used specially for audio signals. T Transistor – a semiconductor device used to amplify and switch electronic signals and electrical power.Terminal – a position in a  circuit  or device at which a connection can be made or broken. References Articles * Basic P. A. Systems: A Primer For Using P. A. Systems by Yorkville Sound Books * Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory by Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky * Electronic Principles by Albert Paul Malvino * Teach Yourself Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition by Stan Gibilisco Websites * www. yorkville. com * www. wikipedia. com * www. circuitstoday. com * www. ehow. com * www. howstuffworks. com Appendices LM741 Operational Amplifier General DescriptionThe LM741 series are general purpose operational amplifiers which feature improved performance over industry standards like the LM709. They are direct, plug-in replacements for the 709C, LM201, MC1439 and 748 in most applications. The amplifiers offer many features which make their application nearly foolproof: overload protection on the input and output, no latch-up when the common mode range is exceeded, as well as freedom from oscillations. The LM741C is identical to t he LM741/LM741A except that the LM741C has their performance guaranteed over a 0 °C to +70 °C temperature range, instead of ? 5 °C to +125 °C. Connection Diagram Recommendations All PA systems have a potential for audio feedback, which occurs when sound from the speakers returns to the microphone and is then re-amplified and sent through the speakers again. Sound engineers take several steps to maximize gain before feedback. If you are setting up a sound system and want to avoid feedback, there are a few general measures that can help avoid such problem: * Keep a certain distance between the position of the microphone and the speakers. * Use a unidirectional microphone. If you have access to an equalizer, dampen the frequencies where feedback is occurring. * Ensure that both microphone and speakers are in good performance state. * Never place a mobile phone near the speakers or even at the microphone. Since the Power-Amplifier is responsible for the driving of the input soun d (coming from the pre-amplifier), it is necessary to have an efficient circuit of a power amplifier with a sufficient wattage needed to obtain a desired output. The greater the wattage value of a power amplifier circuit, the better the output sound.

Timeline of the Andean Cultures of South America

Timeline of the Andean Cultures of South America Archaeologists working in the Andes traditionally divide the cultural development of the Peruvian civilizations into 12 periods, from the Preceramic period (ca 9500 BC) through the Late Horizon and into the Spanish conquest (1534 CE). This sequence was initially created by archaeologists John H. Rowe and Edward Lanning and it was based on the ceramic style and radiocarbon dates from the Ica Valley of the South Coast of Peru, and later extended to the whole region. The Preceramic Period (before 9500–1800 BC), literally, the period before pottery was invented, spans from the first arrival of humans in South America, whose date is still debated, until the first use of ceramic vessels. The following eras of ancient Peru (1800 BC-AD 1534) have been defined by archaeologists using an alternation of so-called â€Å"periods† and â€Å"horizons† which end with the arrival of the Europeans. The term â€Å"Periods† indicates a timeframe in which independent ceramic and art styles were widespread across the region. The term â€Å"Horizons† defines, in contrast, periods in which specific cultural traditions managed to unify the whole region. Preceramic Period Preceramic Period I (before 9500 B.C.E.): First evidence of human occupation of Peru comes from groups of hunters of this tradition are the Chivateros (I) industry and the long and narrow Paijan points. Other important sites are Ushumachay, Telarmachay, Pachamachay.Preceramic Period III (8000–6000 B.C.E.): From this period, it is possible to recognize different cultural tradition, such as the Northwestern Tradition, where the site of Nanchoc dates to ca 6000 BC, the Paijan Tradition, the Central Andean Tradition, whose widespread lithic tradition has been found in many cave sites, such as the famous Lauricocha (I) and Guitarrero caves, and, finally, the Atacama Maritime Tradition, at the border between Peru and Chile, where the Chinchorro culture developed about 7000 years ago. Other important sites are Arenal, Amotope, Chivateros (II). Preceramic Period IV (6000–4200 B.C.E.): The hunting, fishing and foraging traditions developed during the previous periods continue. However, toward the end of this period, a climatic change allows for early plant cultivation. Important sites are Lauricocha (II), Ambo, Siches.Preceramic Period V (4200–2500 B.C.E.): This period corresponds to a relative stabilization of the sea level along with warmer temperatures, especially after 3000 BC. Increase in domesticated plants: squashes, chili peppers, beans, guavas and, most of all, cotton. Important sites are Lauricocha (III), Honda.Preceramic Period VI (2500–1800 B.C.E.): The last of the Preceramic periods is characterized by the emergence of monumental architecture, population increase, and widespread production of textiles. Different cultural traditions are recognizable: in the highlands, the Kotosh tradition, with the sites of Kotosh, La Galgada, Huaricoto, and along the coast, the monumental sites of Caral  S upe / Norte Chico tradition, including Caral, Aspero, Huaca Prieta, El Paraiso, La Paloma, Bandurria, Las Haldas, Piedra Parada. Initial through Late Horizon Initial Period (1800 – 900 B.C.E.): This period is marked by the appearance of pottery. New sites emerge along the coastal valleys, exploiting the rivers for cultivation. Important sites of this period are Caballo Muerto, in the Moche valley, Cerro Sechin and Sechin Alto in the Casma valley; La Florida, in the Rimac valley; Cardal, in the Lurin valley; and Chiripa, in the Titicaca basin.Early Horizon (900 – 200 B.C.E.): The Early Horizon sees the apogee of Chavin de Huantar in the northern highland of Peru and the successive widespread of the Chavin culture and its artistic motifs. In the South, other important sites are Pukara and the famous coastal necropolis of Paracas.Early Intermediate Period (200 B.C.E. –600 C.E.): The Chavin influence wanes by 200 BC and the Early Intermediate period sees the emergence of local traditions like the Moche, and Gallinazo in the north coast, the Lima culture, in the central coast, and Nazca, in the south coast. In the northern highlands, the Marcahuamachuco and Recuay traditions arose. Huarpa tradition flourished in the Ayacucho basin, and in the southern highlands, Tiwanaku arose in the Titicaca basin. The Middle Horizon (600–1000 C.E.): This period is characterized by climatic and environmental changes in the Andean region, brought about by cycles of droughts and El Nià ±o phenomenon. The Moche culture of the north underwent a radical reorganization, with the move of its capital farther north and inland. In the center and south, the Wari society in the highland and Tiwanaku in the Titicaca basin expanded their dominion and cultural traits to the whole region: Wari toward north and Tiwanaku toward the southern zones.The Late Intermediate Period (1000–1476 C.E.): This period is signified by a return to independent polities governing different areas of the region. In the north coast, the Chimà º society with its huge capital Chan Chan. Still on the coast the Chancay, Chincha, Ica, and Chiribaya. In the highland regions, the Chachapoya culture arose in the north. Other important cultural traditions are the Wanka, who opposed a fierce resistance to the first expansion o f the Inca.Late Horizon (1476–1534 C.E.): This period spans from the emergence of the Inca empire, with the expansion of their dominion outside the Cuzco region until the arrival of the Europeans. Among important Inca sites are Cuzco, Machu Picchu, Ollantaytambo.

Game of Thrones 8th season

Game of Thrones 8th season Game of Thrones: top questions and answers We have the excellent news for the fans of Games of Thrones. Our team has collected the most vital and exciting Game of Thrones questions, which everybody asked after watching the seventh season of this famous serial. Everyone agrees that it was the fantastic and magnificent season with many new characters, plot lines, intrigues, unexpected narrative closures, etc. However, although the 7th season was full of answers to the previous one, there also remained a lot of Game of Thrones questions about what would happen next. Many characters promised a lot, many situations are still unresolved, many enemies still exist, and the heroes are still looking for a happy end, struggling with misunderstanding and ignorance. Therefore, we have gathered top 10 Game of Thrones questions and answers, which the 8th season should reveal. Read on to know more about your favorite heroes and characters and find out about what will happen with their enemies. Although we are 100 percent sure that all have seen the 7th season, still we should warn you please, be careful with reading these Game of Thrones questions if you have not yet seen the 7th season. We will spoil some scenes and episodes.

Examine how a labor agreement is administered Essay

Examine how a labor agreement is administered - Essay Example The allotted time frame under step 2 is 10 workdays. After which, if the issues still remain unresolved, the matter is elevated to the chief steward (to represent the grievant) and the immediate supervisor elevates the concern to the department manager, who is the authorized personnel to review and evaluate the matter. The time allotted for step 3 is 15 days. Step 4 is being addressed by local union president and the vice president for industrial relations. A total of 30 workdays is allotted to mediate the matter. Finally, step 5 already calls for arbitration when the issues still have not been resolved (Chapter 14: The Dynamics of Labor Relations, 2012). â€Å"Thousands of Greeks walked off the job on Thursday in the third general strike of the year, this time called by labor unions to protest a surprise decision by the conservative-led government to close the state broadcaster and put about 2,900 employees out of work† (Kitsantonis, 2013); Personally, I strongly believe that unions are formed to serve the best interests of employees or members of the labor force, especially those whose voices could not be aptly heard and duly represented in an organization. Thus, unions’ effectiveness could be measured in terms of their ability to forge a congenial agreement with management (or authorized representatives of the organization) and with the employees (who are members of the union) regarding labor relations issues and concerns. When clear conditions and stipulations have been clearly set by both parties and have been properly evaluated and agreed upon, it would be an indication that the needs and concerns of the employees are effectively represented and served. Thus, unions’ success in serving the labor relations needs of these employees (and that which are acceptable to management) are the standards of measurement for their

I am Noticing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

I am Noticing - Essay Example I am noticing that the day has started for some of my neighbors as well. I can hear their gates opening up as they prepare to leave for work or go to school. The smell of bacon permeates the air as their front doors open to let them out.     I am noticing that most of my neighbors come out of their homes during the early morning hours dressed only in their robes as they take out the trash and pick up their daily newspaper delivery.I am noticing that some of my neighbors stop to chat with the other early risers who are now walking their dogs or jogging with their dogs running alongside them. They seem to be highly friendly with each other. Sharing a laugh now and then.I am noticing that the student planes from the nearby flying school start their classes quite early. The sun is barely up and already there are student planes flying overhead. You cannot miss them, the drone of their engines are the unique sounds that one can hear this early in the morning.I am noticing that my dog i s unusually active as well. She is barking really loudly as I sit here in the garden. It makes me wonder if the dog wishes to join me in my quest to observe my surroundings this morning.I am noticing that the sound of the cars on the highway are not as loud this morning. Perhaps the early morning weather has made the drivers too lazy to get out of bed. Whatever the reason, there does not seem to be a traffic pile up in the streets this morning.I am noticing that the children are starting to come out into the neighborhood street with their toys. Ready to play and have a good time while they still can. Their parents will call them back to the house soon, they need to get ready for school.I am noticing that my mother has also gotten out of bed. I can hear her moving about inside the house, she will want me to prepare her morning coffee soon. But for now, she sounds like she is watching the early morning news program on TV.  

Syria Revolution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Syria Revolution - Research Paper Example The Syrian uprising compared to the Tunisian and Egyptian revolutions was grounded on the revolt of peasants, a Sunni periphery protest against the regime of Baath that turned its back on the Syrian local population, (Hinnebusch 12). Later on, the uprising took on diverse dimensions with Muslim Brotherhoods – Jihadists – entering into the conflict because of the heretical aspects of the regime and due to its alliance with Iran Shiites and Hezbollah. Consequently, because of Jihad, various demonstrators from across the Arabic and Islamic world have emerged in Syria, although, the slogan of Jihad did not trigger Syrians to enter into the uprising. Another dimension that emerged during the uprising is revenge, basing from the extreme violent efforts from the regime to halt the protest waves. According to experts, the brutality of the reign acted to extend the circle of the protestors involved in the uprising, (Starr 41). A number of people who later joined the protest were encouraged by the desire to avenge their family member, friends, and relatives’ bloodshed, and destruction of their properties, cities, and settlements by the forces of the regime during the uprising. ... Similarly, the regime appeared to have neglected the periphery and the local populations. In the start of 2006, the Syrians faced a tremendous and acute drought and the Jazira location in the south and northeastern part of the nation experienced such as Hawran and Dara experienced the extreme destruction. This is because such regions were extremely affected the new economic policies of the government that sought to alter the Syrian economy character from a socialist to a social market oriented economy, (Phares 74). These policies intended to open the nation to the global economy, foster foreign investment and create activity in the local and private spheres to promote growth of economy and allow the regime to bear the economic and domestic limitations. The policies too enabled economic growth to allow the nation to overcome other challenges such as rapid population growth, infrastructural underdevelopment, overdependence of agriculture, and lack of technological industry. Assad suppo rted the new policy and overlooked the significance of the socialist party ideology of Baath, its networking and institutions in the local region. Assad response and effects of the uprising Assad responded to the revolution and protest by providing reforms and ordering the military to calm the uprisings. Various clashed have occurred in Hama, Homs and other places, however, bombings and demonstrations have started occurring in Aleppo and Damascus. Syrian protests have proved their staying power irrespective of the various deaths and substantial joint efforts to suppress the protest, daily demonstrations have continued. Similarly, the longer the

1776 by David McCullough Essay Example for Free

1776 by David McCullough Essay Revered historian David McCullough covers the martial side of the historic year of 1776 with trait insight and an enthralling description, appending new research and an innovative standpoint to the foundation of the American Revolution. It was a tumultuous and bewildering time. As British and American officials fought to make a negotiation, incidents on the ground escalated until war was unavoidable. McCullough writes gaudily about the depressing conditions that herds on both sides had to bear, embracing a bizarrely ruthless winter, and the job that luck and the quirks of the climate played in assisting the regal forces hold off the worlds supreme militia. He also successfully discovers the magnitude of enthusiasm and troop self-confidence a knot was the same as a triumph to the Americans, while anything other than crushing victory was off-putting to the British, who projected a quick finish to the combat The redcoat withdraw from Boston, for instance, was principally mortifying for the British, whereas the negligible American win at Trenton was overstated regardless of its partial strategic importance. In his latest book, 1776, David McCullough wields on this significant year the narrative gifts he is expressed in such fascinating accounts as The Great Bridge plus The Path between the Seas. As a olden times of the American Revolution, it is an improbably abridged volume: critical developments leading to the insurrection like the Stamp Act, which occur to fall external the boundaries of Mr. McCulloughs strict time outline, are not observed, and succeeding episodes of the war (which would keep on after the Trenton-Princeton crusade for an added half-dozen traumatic years) are overlooked as well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Quantities of the strongest courses in 1776 are the illuminating and well-formed descriptions of the Georges on either sides of the Atlantic. King George III, so often represented as a shambling, haughty fool, is given an additional attentive treatment by McCullough, who reveals that the king deemed the settlers to be ill-tempered subjects without valid gripes an outlook that led him to underrate the will and aptitudes of the Americans. Now and then he seems dazed that war was even obligatory. The great Washington meets his substantial status in these pages, and McCullough hinges on private association to balance the man and the fable, disclosing how severely concerned Washington was about the Americans chances for success, regardless of his public sanguinity. Perhaps more than any other man, he recognized how providential they were to simply carry on the year, and he gladly places the responsibility for their fortuity in the hands of God in lieu of his own. Enchanting and terrifically written, 1776 is the work of a skilled historian.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1776 is least valuable, nevertheless, at conveying the interior of most war narratives: combat. The initial, and best, hundred pages focus on the cordon of Boston, an overwrought but almost bloodless issue. When the action transfers to New York, the narrative sagged. McCullough writes with great lucidity regarding the composite tactics between Manhattan, Long Island and Westchester County in the summer and fall of 1776. But when battle blasts, the action turns out to be hindered in stock images. 1776 is even so an emotive and sensible work, reminding us that its armed forces rather than tavern nationalists and turbulent politicians who have constantly paid the price of American optimism and determined its victories. Works Cited McCullough, David, (May 24, 2005), 1776, Simon Schuster ISBN: 0743226712.

John Fitzgerald Kennedy Essay -- essays research papers fc

John Fitzgerald Kennedy John F. Kennedy ( JFK ) was known throughout the world for his heroic deeds. He has helped many Americans many different ways from saving a mans life and keeping him from drowning, to helping African Americans. He had come from a very political family, and knowing that he felt that he had to carry on the tradition of that after his brother Joe had past away. John Fitzgerald Kennedy was born in Brookline, Massachusetts on May 29, 1917, the second oldest in a family of nine children. Although their families had not come to the United States with much money, both of John Kennedy's grandfathers became political leaders in Boston. One of them, John Fitzgerald (for whom he was named), was elected mayor in 1905. John Kennedy's father, Joseph Patrick Kennedy became a very wealthy businessman, an adviser to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and the United States Ambassador to Great Britain from 1938 to 1940. John Kennedy (his family called him "Jack") moved to New York when he was ten years old. Since the family spent the summer months at their home in Hyannis, Cape Cod, Jack still lived a good part of his life in Massachusetts. As a boy and a young man, he traveled to other parts of the United States and to other countries. After graduating from the Choate School in Connecticut in 1935, he went on to Harvard College and graduated in 1940. That same year he wrote a best-selling book, Why England Slept, about some of the decisions which led to World War II. Kennedy described himself as â€Å" an idealist without illusion â€Å". He considered his best quality to be curiosity, and he worst irritability. Kennedy’s charm, grace, and wit were to a great extent responsible for his immense popularity as president. He remained a bit detached from things in order to counter his extremely sensitive side, for the most part he controlled his temper. Kennedy met his future wife at a dinner party in Washington, D.C. Jacqueline Lee Bouvier was the daughter of a wealthy Wall Street broker, John V. Bouvier III. She had attended Vassar College and the Sorbonne in Paris. When she met Kennedy, she was a student at George Washington University in Washington. Later, she worked as an... ...uals, like the African Americans. He treated people equally, no matter who they were or what color there skin was. As the years have gone by and other Presidents have written their chapters in history, John Kennedy's brief time in office stands out in people's memories--for his leadership, personality, and accomplishments. Many respect his coolness when faced with difficult decisions--like what to do about the missiles in Cuba. Others admire his ability to inspire people with his eloquent speeches. Still others think his compassion and his willingness to fight for new government programs to help the poor, the elderly and the ill were most important. Like all leaders, John Kennedy made mistakes, but he was always optimistic about the future. He believed that people could solve their common problems if they put their country's interests first and worked together. Bibliography Michael D. Cole John Kennedy President of New Frontier Springfield, 1996 Andrew Langley John F. Kennedy New York, 1985 Zachary Kent Encyclopedia of Presidents John F. Kennedy Chicago, 1987 Scott Fetzer Company The World Book Encyclopedia Chicago, London, Sydney Toronto, 1992 John Fitzgerald Kennedy Essay -- essays research papers fc John Fitzgerald Kennedy John F. Kennedy ( JFK ) was known throughout the world for his heroic deeds. He has helped many Americans many different ways from saving a mans life and keeping him from drowning, to helping African Americans. He had come from a very political family, and knowing that he felt that he had to carry on the tradition of that after his brother Joe had past away. John Fitzgerald Kennedy was born in Brookline, Massachusetts on May 29, 1917, the second oldest in a family of nine children. Although their families had not come to the United States with much money, both of John Kennedy's grandfathers became political leaders in Boston. One of them, John Fitzgerald (for whom he was named), was elected mayor in 1905. John Kennedy's father, Joseph Patrick Kennedy became a very wealthy businessman, an adviser to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and the United States Ambassador to Great Britain from 1938 to 1940. John Kennedy (his family called him "Jack") moved to New York when he was ten years old. Since the family spent the summer months at their home in Hyannis, Cape Cod, Jack still lived a good part of his life in Massachusetts. As a boy and a young man, he traveled to other parts of the United States and to other countries. After graduating from the Choate School in Connecticut in 1935, he went on to Harvard College and graduated in 1940. That same year he wrote a best-selling book, Why England Slept, about some of the decisions which led to World War II. Kennedy described himself as â€Å" an idealist without illusion â€Å". He considered his best quality to be curiosity, and he worst irritability. Kennedy’s charm, grace, and wit were to a great extent responsible for his immense popularity as president. He remained a bit detached from things in order to counter his extremely sensitive side, for the most part he controlled his temper. Kennedy met his future wife at a dinner party in Washington, D.C. Jacqueline Lee Bouvier was the daughter of a wealthy Wall Street broker, John V. Bouvier III. She had attended Vassar College and the Sorbonne in Paris. When she met Kennedy, she was a student at George Washington University in Washington. Later, she worked as an... ...uals, like the African Americans. He treated people equally, no matter who they were or what color there skin was. As the years have gone by and other Presidents have written their chapters in history, John Kennedy's brief time in office stands out in people's memories--for his leadership, personality, and accomplishments. Many respect his coolness when faced with difficult decisions--like what to do about the missiles in Cuba. Others admire his ability to inspire people with his eloquent speeches. Still others think his compassion and his willingness to fight for new government programs to help the poor, the elderly and the ill were most important. Like all leaders, John Kennedy made mistakes, but he was always optimistic about the future. He believed that people could solve their common problems if they put their country's interests first and worked together. Bibliography Michael D. Cole John Kennedy President of New Frontier Springfield, 1996 Andrew Langley John F. Kennedy New York, 1985 Zachary Kent Encyclopedia of Presidents John F. Kennedy Chicago, 1987 Scott Fetzer Company The World Book Encyclopedia Chicago, London, Sydney Toronto, 1992

X: Relative Clause

Words from the text Meanings lifted 1 . Appeared for the first time came on the scene 2. Accepting Clashing with 3. Moving to a new position decimated 4. To blame Apple embracing 5. Loses the opportunity/ -ties is lifting 6. Stole shifting 7. Be expert in reshaping 8. Changing the structure to do so 9. Destroyed misses out on 10. Is raising too higher level excelled at 11. In conflict with 5 Ideas Apple Gleefully Stole From Google, Twitter, and Microsoft By Mark Wilson (12 December 2013) (Modified Version) Mark Wilson is a writer who started Philanthropy. Com.His work has also appeared at Gizmo, Kodak, Pommel, Oppose, Esquire, American Photo and Lucky Peach. . If sis 7 and SO X Mavericks look a bit familiar, yet , there are at least five good reasons for that. Apple lifted them from other innovators, and then made them slightly better. For those who've been following the minor details of interface design, you will see that many of their ideas, from SO X Maverick to sis 7 are actually old, or at the very least familiar. It is impossible to look at Apple's latest software without seeing the influence of Windows 8, Android, and even Chromosomes.But as Steve Jobs once famously paraphrased (and the tech press has mentioned this quite often), â€Å"Good artists borrow, great artists steal. † Here is some of what Apple stole in their latest software updates and, in many cases, made better: 2. The first thing you notice when looking at sis 7 is the flatness. The home screen's icons lack a plastic sheen (shine). Message's chat bubbles are no longer bubbly. Furthermore, each button has been improved with a 2-D presence. 3. But the second thing you will notice are the liberal printed directly on a pane of glass.Meanwhile, your desktop or app blurs away in the background–still there, Just no longer noticeable. 4. It's a trick that we originally saw n Rare, the Windows Vista transparent interface that was complained for requiring powerful graphics cards. Also, there is a big difference in implementation. Whereas Microsoft used transparency to sell us on the grandeur (greatness) of 3-D, Apple is using it to subtly highlight the otherwise hidden depth of its â€Å"flat† interface. The effect is humbugging (improved culture), as a photo of a friend or child hides below, tempering the graphic minimalism (simplicity). 5.When Android came on the scene, it was incredibly ugly, however, it came with one stunning (special) feature known as live wallpapers. They were actually a poor design choice, generally clashing with icons and distracting your eye from the I-Jell. Moreover, they further decimated Android's already horrible battery life. 6. Today, Apple isn't embracing a fully animated background with sis 7, but it is lifting the detailed weather screens that were probably the live wallpaper's greatest hallmark. More importantly, though, Apple is also animating the homepage in a far subtler way: parallax (make it come alive) viewing.As t he angle of the phone changes in your hand, the image shifts so you can actually look around and under icons. No doubt Google wanted your desktop to feel alive. With sis g's responsive, parallax home screen, the phone might Just do that. 7. Apple is shifting APS like rework to a browser-based panel, where every change you make is automatically synced (synchronized) in the cloud. You can even open rework on a PC and, because of this setup, experience the same rework I-Jell as you have on your Mac.Like a car company reshaping the lines of its iconic (well known) sports car over five to ten years, Apple is coyly (very slowly) easing us into the app as a cloud wrapper, while solving one of Apple's greatest problems today: How to sync a seer's APS across desktops and mobiles. Now, is that the right approach for a design leader? I don't know. But it is the proven way for a big company to make big changes without causing frustrations for the consumers. But In Design, Stealing Is A Good Thi ng 8. It is easy to read an article like this one and blame Apple.But to do so misses out on the greater narrative at play. Truth be told, Apple is rarely the first to market with any technological trick. Moreover, it even stole the GUI from Xerox! What Apple has excelled at (outshines) for decades is the ability to lift all the right parts of all the eight designs and place them all in the right places. Apple will sell us on Chromosomes, in their own way, Just like it convinced us that a battery-powered hard drive was the greatest portable music player ever invented. In Apple's hands, discrete (separate) piece of design can become a masterpiece.Activity 3: [Individual / Pair-work] There are all together eight paragraphs. In the table below, each paragraph has been summarized in two ways. Your task is to identify the best summary of each paragraph and your lecturer will lead a discussion on the correct answers. Paragraph One Sentence Summary . Apple has been modifying other tech gia nts' ideas and has been successful in most cases. B. Apple has been illegally using other company's ideas in its products. 2 a. The screen does not shine any more. B. Reducing its brightness and appearance of buttons in 2-D enhances the flat screen. A. Transparency is enhanced. B. Enhanced transparency allows the letters to appear clearly on the glass while the background icons weaken. 4 a. Microsoft advertised the wonderful 3-D interface, and Apple refined the concept by making it more appealing to the users. B. Apple made a trick. 5 a. The first Android came with the new concept of live wallpapers. B. Initial Android version was not popular. 6 a. Apple's desktop uses live wallpaper in a more humble and satisfying way. B. Apple just might beat Google in making the desktop more alive with live wallpaper. 7 a.Apple is modifying rework so that what you do on your computer is also being done in the cloud. B. As Apple progressively modifies its APS, its users are also being gradually tr ained to use cloud-based app. 8 a. Apple's strength is to modify the existing ideas and create a new product that becomes a work of art. B. Apple is now trying to create its Chromosomes. Activity 4 [Individual or Paperwork][ Your lecturer will give you feedback on this. ] Do this activity on a piece of paper. Write a summary of the article by following these instructions: Your summary should be no more than 70 words.Combine the one sentence summary of each paragraph. Use linking words to show the relationship between details. Add a topic sentence (a claim) to the beginning of the summary. (Look at the title of the article. How does it link to the one sentence summaries of the paragraphs? ) Add a concluding sentence to the summary. Add in-text referencing. Language in Use Make your sentence more informative with Relative Clauses Activity 1: Lecture on Relative Clause [class discussion][3 minutes] Compare the sentences in the two columns and decide which version appears to be more eff icient way of writing.Why? Version A Version B The dog chased the cat that killed the mouse that ate the cheese that was made from the milk that came from the cow that farmer Simon bought. The dog chased the cat. The cat killed the mouse. The mouse ate the cheese. The cheese was made from the milk. The milk came from the cow. The farmer Simon bought a cow. Why do we use relative clauses? To add important details / information To make the sentence concise and informative To keep your focus clear Relative clause begins with a relative pronoun.Relative pronouns are: that, who, whom, whose, which, where, when, and why; Most common relative pronouns are who/ whom, whose, that, and which. ‘Comma' or ‘No Comma'? When the relative clause adds necessary (important) information to the main sentence, NO COMMA is needed. Martin who/m I used to work with is moving to Canada. (There is more than one Martin. So it is important to specify which Martin! ) Martin, whom I worked closely wi th, is moving to Canada. Relative clause is not important. ) This is true only for relative clauses that appear in the middle of the main sentence.If the relative clause appears right at the start, you NEED a comma. When Martin first moved to Chucking, he could not speak Malay. If the relative clause appears right at the end, you DON'T NEED a comma. Martin could not speak Malay when he first moved to Chucking. Activity 2: Practice Write the appropriate relative pronoun in each blank below. Also, add the commas where necessary. Whom whose who that which 1 . Apple is releasing I-Phone Xi this week. Apple is a multinational company. 2. The CEO is a Malaysian. The CEO founded Giant supermarket. 3. The Malaysia Prime Minister speaks English fluently. Many people love him. . Steve Jobs died a year ago. Steve Jobs was the CEO of Apple. 5. This is the house. Jack had built this house. 6. I don't understand people. These people eat popcorn during the movie. 7. The professor recently received a promotion. I respect him highly. 8. Susan is my cousin. Her car was stolen last week. 9. This is John. I wanted to speak to him. Activity 3: Is stealing always a bad thing? [Group Discussion Blob] [10 minutes] whether the singers of the twenty songs using the same four cords in the Youth lip and Apple's use of Microsoft's live wallpaper technology are ethically acceptable or not.You also need to support your claim with evidence. Everyone must share your thoughts at least twice during the discussion. Remember to be polite and support your group members. Activity 4: Elaborate Argument [Discussion Board] [1 5 minutes] In the Discussion Board, write your response to the following question: When is stealing an acceptable act? You need to make reference to ‘Four Cords Songs' and ‘5 Ideas Apple Gleefully Stole from Google'. Your paragraph should have at least six sentences. Make sure that the iris sentence clearly shows your position on this issue.Check for ‘Subject â €“ Verb agreement' and ‘correct verb tense'. Activity 5: Relative Clause I [lecturer will give you feedback at the end of the activity] Combine the two sentences using an appropriate relative clause. Use commas where necessary. 1. The expiration date is clearly posted on the package. Many consumers do not read the expiration date. 2. The blender is on sale today. The blender has many features. (Blenders usually come with multiple functions. ) 3. The client came from Europe. The client is satisfied with our new product. (We get linens from all over the world. 4. The client came from Europe. The client is asking for a speedy delivery. (All our clients are from Europe. ) 5. The missing meeting minutes has important details for our Director. I have been looking for the meeting minutes. (If it is missing, people should look for it! ) Activity 6: Relative Clause II [lecturer will give you feedback at the end of the activity] Rewrite combining the pair of sentences with a relativ e clause. Also, decide whether or not to use the commas. 1. Do you know the girl? The girl is talking to John. 2. An airline pilot is a trained pilot.He/ She works for a commercial airline. 4. My sister lives in KILL. She came to see me last week. (I have only one sister. ) 5. My sister lives in KILL. She came to see me last week. (I have more than one sister. ) 6. Pewter's mother has lost her car key. Pewter's mother is a musician. 7. Tony Fernando came to Sinecure yesterday. He is the owner of Air Asia. Activity 7: Revision [lecturer will give you feedback at the end of the activity] Choose the most appropriate ‘linking word' from the list for each blank. Then, write one sentence summary for the paragraph. As we can see, Secondly, Finally, althoughFirstly, I believe that 1 behaving ethically is very important, it is difficult to define what ethical behavior is. 2 although there is some common understanding about the concept ‘ethics', not everyone understands it in exac tly the same way. 3. According to the experts, there are numerous approaches to make an ethical decision. 4. A variety of ethical decisions can be made for one same situation. 5. Since it is difficult to agree on what constitute ethical behavior, there are many instances of unethical behaviors among the government and non- government bodies all over the world. One Sentence Summary: